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Free flap reconstruction in stage three bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis
There is no widely accepted gold standard for the treatment of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). Early BRONJ is managed conservatively but there is controversy regarding the treatment of the later stages. Stage three is defined as exposed bone...
An analysis of 60 treated cystic lesions in children
This is a retrospective single-centre study of 60 consecutive cases in children. Children aged four months to 14-years-old underwent intervention under general anaesthetic from 2000 to 2012. As one might expect, most of these cysts were mucoceles and ranulas. Of...
Nasolabial flap to reconstruct periorbital defects
The authors present a series of 25, mainly geriatric patients that had ablative surgery with complex defects in the paranasal and orbital regions. The paranasal and periorbital regions are extremely important for facial aesthetics and quality of life. The authors...
Coupler microvascular anastomoses: how good?
This paper is written by a group of reconstructive surgeons and a school of computing. The study used computational fluid dynamics to model blood flow through idealised sutured and coupled vessels, to investigate if differing anastomotic techniques affect intravascular blood...
Harvesting the flexor hallucis longus: what is the increased morbidity?
The free fibula flap is now widely used in clinical applications for microvascular reconstruction and occasionally, to add bulk, the flexor hallucis longus (FHL) muscle is harvested along with the fibula. The post-operative morbidity is usually described as mild and...
Paediatric pain control post-tonsillectomy
The use of codeine in the paediatric population is widely debated since the American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) published warnings regarding overdose and death following the usage of codeine. Codeine is metabolised by the polymorphic cytochrome PY4502D6 (CYP2D6) in...
Malignant craniopharyngiomas
Craniopharyngiomas are successfully managed with surgery and / or adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. The transnasal endoscopic route has become increasingly utilised in the management of these challenging tumours. This paper reviews 23 cases from the literature of the rarely reported malignant transformation....
Endovascular management of cavernous and paraclinoid aneurysms
This review discusses management of aneurysms arising from the internal carotid artery from the entrance into the cavernous sinus until just before the take off of the posterior communicating artery. Whilst paraclinoid aneurysms do not tend to have ENT presentations,...
Resection margins in head and neck surgery
Although an increasing proportion of head and neck malignancies are treated with non-surgical modalities, when surgery is undertaken an incomplete clearance results in significantly worse prognosis. However, the intraoperative assessment of an adequate margin is difficult. The personal practice of...
Hyoid bone interposition graft in treatment of laryngotracheal stenosis
Laryngotracheal stenosis remains a challenging condition to manage, with treatment options plagued by either high rates of recurrence or excessive morbidity. The authors describe two cases of adult laryngotracheal stenosis treated by a hyoid interposition composite graft. A two-step procedure...
In the future there will be robots
This edition of review articles encompasses the emerging techniques of robotic surgery, written by international experts from centres that are increasing their repertoire of procedures. The treatment of oropharyngeal cancer is challenging irrespective of modality, as oncological and functional outcomes...
