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Predicting aspiration pneumonia in adults
Aspiration occurs when oropharyngeal or gastric contents are inhaled into the larynx and lower respiratory tract. When the aspirated material is colonised by pathogenic microorganisms, this may result in aspiration pneumonia. In contrast, aspiration of sterile gastric contents may lead...
All about velopharyngeal dysfunction
The velopharynx functionally separates the oral from the nasal cavities. Inadequate or abnormal function of this muscular valve affects speech and swallow. Velopharyngeal dysfunction can be subdivided into insufficiency, incompetence and mislearning. This is a review paper and indeed a...
Vestibular migraine – the story so far and the work still to do
This interesting discussion paper begins with an overview of the background to the development of vestibular migraine as a separate diagnostic category. It discusses in some depth the diagnostic uncertainties in the context of an entity without a biomarker and...
How can we manage children with poor speech discrimination but with normal audiogram
We often come across children and young adults brought in for consultation for suspected hearing loss and having hearing difficulty in noisy backgrounds but who often have normal audiograms. Such patients are suspected to have auditory neuropathy. The term auditory...
Benign positional paroxysmal vertigo manoeuvres in children and adolescents: a systematic review
In this paper of Saniasiaya et al, the literature review is conducted in accordance to the PRISMA consensus, aiming to investigate the outcomes of canalith repositioning manoeuvres (CRM) to treat benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) in a paediatric and young...
Evolution of salivary gland pathology classifications
Targeted therapies for malignant salivary gland tumours have changed the treatment paradigm and therapy approaches. Better outcomes are now feasible. Choosing the treatment method requires a clear classification of the lesions. The authors of this paper reviewed the World Health...
The right ear advantage in noise
Relatively little is known about the right ear advantage, particularly in noise. The speech-in-noise performances were assessed in a group of 37 participants with normal hearing via a Matrix Test. Participants were tested binaurally, in a right-ear condition and a...
Endolymphatic duct, a bit more than what meets the eye
It is theorised that the endolymphatic duct (ED) and the endolymphatic sac (ES) system play a role in both the production and absorption of endolymph. This system could be responsible for development of endolymphatic hydrops (EH). Recently, the presence of...
Long-term curative effects of microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm
This article describes results of a multicentre prospective trial performed to evaluate long- and short-term outcomes and complications of patients who underwent microvascular decompression (MVD) for hemifacial spasm (HFS). The surgeries were performed by surgeons with more than 15 years...
Ego-resiliency and tinnitus
Adults with tinnitus are 2.5 more likely to suffer with depression and anxiety. Ego-resiliency is the ability of a person to adapt to change and cope in difficult situations. This study aimed to determine whether ego-resiliency is related to perceived...
