This is a retrospective study from Taiwan assessing risk factors in developing oral squamous cell carcinoma from surgically excised oral leukoplakia in patients with a previous oral cancer, the underlying thought being that patients with an oral carcinoma have a tendency towards a field change and unstable mucosa. This study involved assessing 84 patients treated between July 2002 and July 2020 who had previously received treatment for squamous cell carcinoma of the mouth. The follow up was anywhere between 0.7 and 18 years with a mean of 6.78. The overall malignant transformation rate was 25%. Analysis has suggested that the tongue and floor of mouth as the site of the leukoplakia, the presence of multifocal lesions, and also candida, were three independent prognostic factors related to the development of an oral cancer. They advocate a cautious approach to leukoplakia of the tongue when candida or multifocal disease is present. The authors acknowledge that the development is unpredictable, and transformation may increase over a longer follow-up period. They also acknowledge that the number of cases is small even in a population group of previous known cancer.
Malignant transformation of leukoplakia in previous cancer patients
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